On January 13, the Belarusian Defence Ministry stated that the peacekeeping forces of the Collective Security Treaty Organisation were completing their mission in Kazakhstan.
The Belarusian troops are reportedly starting to leave the country today; they are expected to be fully withdrawn in the coming ten days.
Belarusian military men of the 103rd Detached Airborne Brigade of Vitsebsk arrived in Kazakhstan in the framework of the CSTO program at the request of President of Kazakhstan Kasym-Jomart Tokayev. They were flown from the Machulishchy airfield near Minsk on Russian Il-76 military transport aircraft. According to the MoD, they were performing the task of protecting the military airfield and securing some critical facilities of the military infrastructure of Kazakhstan.
In video stories aired by state-run media, they demonstratively ran around the landfill, ‘checking identification’ of Kazakh police officers. One of the ‘peacekeepers’ complained that the military were having difficulty reading documents in the Kazakh language. CSTO ‘peacekeepers’ are known to have illegally used the UN peacekeeping mission’s identification marks in Kazakhstan.
On the night of January 6, Armenia’s Prime Minister and Chairman of the CSTO Collective Security Council Nikol Pashinyan announced that the Collective Security Treaty Organisation decided to send ‘peacekeeping forces’ to Kazakhstan for ‘a limited period of time’ on the back of the appeal of Kazakh President Kasym-Jomart Tokayev after the unrest in Kazakhstan had broken out. Pro-Lukashenka government confirmed the involvement of the Belarusian troops.
A day later, Tokayev gave a shoot-to-kill order to the military and police forces who were fighting protesters. According to him, the corresponding decision was taken in light of ‘the threat to national security and sovereignty caused by, inter alia, outside interference’. He failed to specify which body or country was interfering in the Kazakh protest.
The Kazakh authorities stressed that the CSTO mission should be only temporary, but Russian officials and state media have repeatedly said that the contingent should remain there for an indefinite period of time, ‘until the situation is settled’.
